Basic Patterns and Literals

2 min read ·

Regular expressions start with simple patterns called literals. These are exact characters used to match text.

Simple Matching

A basic pattern matches exact text.

If pattern exists in the string, it returns a match.

If pattern does not exist:

Note

Basic patterns match exact characters as they appear in the string.


Case Sensitivity

Regular expressions are case sensitive by default.
Output will be None because case does not match.

Case Insensitive Matching

You can ignore case using re.IGNORECASE.

Pro Tip

Use IGNORECASE when user input can have different letter cases.


Raw Strings

In Python, backslash has special meaning. To avoid issues, raw strings are used in regex.

Without Raw String


With Raw String


Caution

Always prefer raw strings for regex patterns to avoid unexpected behavior.


Combining Concepts


Exercise

  • Search for a word in a sentence
  • Try case sensitive and insensitive matching
  • Use raw string to find digits in text